payment rails

2025-12-10 18:40:55 +01:00
parent 81d2db394b
commit 47899e25d4
39 changed files with 3043 additions and 909 deletions
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/server/internal/serverimp.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/server/internal/serverimp.go
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"

-	chainclient "github.com/tech/sendico/gateway/chain/client"
 	oracleclient "github.com/tech/sendico/fx/oracle/client"
+	chainclient "github.com/tech/sendico/gateway/chain/client"
 	ledgerclient "github.com/tech/sendico/ledger/client"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
@@ -41,10 +41,11 @@ type Imp struct {

 type config struct {
 	*grpcapp.Config `yaml:",inline"`
-	Fees            clientConfig `yaml:"fees"`
-	Ledger          clientConfig `yaml:"ledger"`
-	Gateway         clientConfig `yaml:"gateway"`
-	Oracle          clientConfig `yaml:"oracle"`
+	Fees            clientConfig                      `yaml:"fees"`
+	Ledger          clientConfig                      `yaml:"ledger"`
+	Gateway         clientConfig                      `yaml:"gateway"`
+	Oracle          clientConfig                      `yaml:"oracle"`
+	CardGateways    map[string]cardGatewayRouteConfig `yaml:"card_gateways"`
 }

 type clientConfig struct {
@@ -54,6 +55,11 @@ type clientConfig struct {
 	InsecureTransport bool   `yaml:"insecure"`
 }

+type cardGatewayRouteConfig struct {
+	FundingAddress string `yaml:"funding_address"`
+	FeeAddress     string `yaml:"fee_address"`
+}
+
 func (c clientConfig) address() string {
 	return strings.TrimSpace(c.Address)
 }
@@ -107,7 +113,7 @@ func (i *Imp) Shutdown() {

 func (i *Imp) Start() error {
 	cfg, err := i.loadConfig()
-		if err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	i.config = cfg
@@ -150,6 +156,9 @@ func (i *Imp) Start() error {
 		if oracleClient != nil {
 			opts = append(opts, orchestrator.WithOracleClient(oracleClient))
 		}
+		if routes := buildCardGatewayRoutes(cfg.CardGateways); len(routes) > 0 {
+			opts = append(opts, orchestrator.WithCardGatewayRoutes(routes))
+		}
 		return orchestrator.NewService(logger, repo, opts...), nil
 	}

@@ -296,3 +305,21 @@ func (i *Imp) loadConfig() (*config, error) {

 	return cfg, nil
 }
+
+func buildCardGatewayRoutes(src map[string]cardGatewayRouteConfig) map[string]orchestrator.CardGatewayRoute {
+	if len(src) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	result := make(map[string]orchestrator.CardGatewayRoute, len(src))
+	for key, route := range src {
+		trimmedKey := strings.TrimSpace(key)
+		if trimmedKey == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		result[trimmedKey] = orchestrator.CardGatewayRoute{
+			FundingAddress: strings.TrimSpace(route.FundingAddress),
+			FeeAddress:     strings.TrimSpace(route.FeeAddress),
+		}
+	}
+	return result
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/card_payout.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/card_payout.go
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/shopspring/decimal"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
+	chainv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/gateway/chain/v1"
+	mntxv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/gateway/mntx/v1"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+const defaultCardGateway = "monetix"
+
+func (s *Service) cardRoute(gateway string) (CardGatewayRoute, error) {
+	if len(s.deps.cardRoutes) == 0 {
+		s.logger.Warn("card routing not configured", zap.String("gateway", gateway))
+		return CardGatewayRoute{}, merrors.InvalidArgument("card routing not configured")
+	}
+	key := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(gateway))
+	if key == "" {
+		key = defaultCardGateway
+	}
+	route, ok := s.deps.cardRoutes[key]
+	if !ok {
+		s.logger.Warn("card routing missing for gateway", zap.String("gateway", key))
+		return CardGatewayRoute{}, merrors.InvalidArgument("card routing missing for gateway " + key)
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(route.FundingAddress) == "" {
+		s.logger.Warn("card routing missing funding address", zap.String("gateway", key))
+		return CardGatewayRoute{}, merrors.InvalidArgument("card funding address is required for gateway " + key)
+	}
+	return route, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) submitCardFundingTransfers(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) error {
+	if payment == nil {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("payment is required")
+	}
+	intent := payment.Intent
+	source := intent.Source.ManagedWallet
+	if source == nil || strings.TrimSpace(source.ManagedWalletRef) == "" {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("card funding: source managed wallet is required")
+	}
+	if !s.deps.gateway.available() {
+		s.logger.Warn("card funding aborted: chain gateway unavailable")
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("card funding: chain gateway unavailable")
+	}
+
+	route, err := s.cardRoute(defaultCardGateway)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	amount := cloneMoney(intent.Amount)
+	if amount == nil {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("card funding: amount is required")
+	}
+
+	exec := payment.Execution
+	if exec == nil {
+		exec = &model.ExecutionRefs{}
+	}
+
+	// Transfer payout amount to funding wallet.
+	fundReq := &chainv1.SubmitTransferRequest{
+		IdempotencyKey:  payment.IdempotencyKey + ":card:fund",
+		OrganizationRef: payment.OrganizationRef.Hex(),
+		SourceWalletRef: strings.TrimSpace(source.ManagedWalletRef),
+		Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination{
+			Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination_ExternalAddress{ExternalAddress: strings.TrimSpace(route.FundingAddress)},
+		},
+		Amount:          amount,
+		Metadata:        cloneMetadata(payment.Metadata),
+		ClientReference: payment.PaymentRef,
+	}
+	fundResp, err := s.deps.gateway.client.SubmitTransfer(ctx, fundReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		s.logger.Warn("card funding transfer failed", zap.Error(err), zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
+		return err
+	}
+	if fundResp != nil && fundResp.GetTransfer() != nil {
+		exec.ChainTransferRef = strings.TrimSpace(fundResp.GetTransfer().GetTransferRef())
+	}
+	s.logger.Info("card funding transfer submitted", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("transfer_ref", exec.ChainTransferRef))
+
+	feeMoney := quote.GetExpectedFeeTotal()
+	if feeMoney != nil && strings.TrimSpace(feeMoney.GetAmount()) != "" {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(route.FeeAddress) == "" {
+			return merrors.InvalidArgument("card funding: fee address is required when fee exists")
+		}
+		feeDecimal, err := decimalFromMoney(feeMoney)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if feeDecimal.IsPositive() {
+			feeReq := &chainv1.SubmitTransferRequest{
+				IdempotencyKey:  payment.IdempotencyKey + ":card:fee",
+				OrganizationRef: payment.OrganizationRef.Hex(),
+				SourceWalletRef: strings.TrimSpace(source.ManagedWalletRef),
+				Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination{
+					Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination_ExternalAddress{ExternalAddress: strings.TrimSpace(route.FeeAddress)},
+				},
+				Amount:          feeMoney,
+				Metadata:        cloneMetadata(payment.Metadata),
+				ClientReference: payment.PaymentRef,
+			}
+			feeResp, feeErr := s.deps.gateway.client.SubmitTransfer(ctx, feeReq)
+			if feeErr != nil {
+				s.logger.Warn("card fee transfer failed", zap.Error(feeErr), zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
+				return feeErr
+			}
+			if feeResp != nil && feeResp.GetTransfer() != nil {
+				exec.FeeTransferRef = strings.TrimSpace(feeResp.GetTransfer().GetTransferRef())
+			}
+			s.logger.Info("card fee transfer submitted", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("transfer_ref", exec.FeeTransferRef))
+		}
+	}
+
+	payment.Execution = exec
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) submitCardPayout(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment) error {
+	if payment == nil {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("payment is required")
+	}
+	intent := payment.Intent
+	card := intent.Destination.Card
+	if card == nil {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("card payout: card endpoint is required")
+	}
+	amount := cloneMoney(intent.Amount)
+	if amount == nil || strings.TrimSpace(amount.GetAmount()) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(amount.GetCurrency()) == "" {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("card payout: amount is required")
+	}
+	amtDec, err := decimalFromMoney(amount)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	minor := amtDec.Mul(decimal.NewFromInt(100)).IntPart()
+
+	payoutID := payment.PaymentRef
+	currency := strings.TrimSpace(amount.GetCurrency())
+	holder := strings.TrimSpace(card.Cardholder)
+	meta := cloneMetadata(payment.Metadata)
+
+	var (
+		state *mntxv1.CardPayoutState
+	)
+
+	if token := strings.TrimSpace(card.Token); token != "" {
+		req := &mntxv1.CardTokenPayoutRequest{
+			PayoutId:    payoutID,
+			AmountMinor: minor,
+			Currency:    currency,
+			CardToken:   token,
+			CardHolder:  holder,
+			MaskedPan:   strings.TrimSpace(card.MaskedPan),
+			Metadata:    meta,
+		}
+		resp, err := s.deps.mntx.client.CreateCardTokenPayout(ctx, req)
+		if err != nil {
+			s.logger.Warn("card token payout failed", zap.Error(err), zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
+			return err
+		}
+		state = resp.GetPayout()
+	} else if pan := strings.TrimSpace(card.Pan); pan != "" {
+		req := &mntxv1.CardPayoutRequest{
+			PayoutId:     payoutID,
+			AmountMinor:  minor,
+			Currency:     currency,
+			CardPan:      pan,
+			CardExpYear:  card.ExpYear,
+			CardExpMonth: card.ExpMonth,
+			CardHolder:   holder,
+			Metadata:     meta,
+		}
+		resp, err := s.deps.mntx.client.CreateCardPayout(ctx, req)
+		if err != nil {
+			s.logger.Warn("card payout failed", zap.Error(err), zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
+			return err
+		}
+		state = resp.GetPayout()
+	} else {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("card payout: either token or pan must be provided")
+	}
+
+	if state == nil {
+		return merrors.Internal("card payout: missing payout state")
+	}
+	recordCardPayoutState(payment, state)
+	if payment.Execution == nil {
+		payment.Execution = &model.ExecutionRefs{}
+	}
+	if payment.Execution.CardPayoutRef == "" {
+		payment.Execution.CardPayoutRef = strings.TrimSpace(state.GetPayoutId())
+	}
+	s.logger.Info("card payout submitted", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("payout_id", payment.Execution.CardPayoutRef))
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func recordCardPayoutState(payment *model.Payment, state *mntxv1.CardPayoutState) {
+	if payment == nil || state == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if payment.CardPayout == nil {
+		payment.CardPayout = &model.CardPayout{}
+	}
+	payment.CardPayout.PayoutRef = strings.TrimSpace(state.GetPayoutId())
+	payment.CardPayout.ProviderPaymentID = strings.TrimSpace(state.GetProviderPaymentId())
+	payment.CardPayout.Status = state.GetStatus().String()
+	payment.CardPayout.FailureReason = strings.TrimSpace(state.GetProviderMessage())
+	payment.CardPayout.ProviderCode = strings.TrimSpace(state.GetProviderCode())
+	if payment.CardPayout.CardCountry == "" && payment.Intent.Destination.Card != nil {
+		payment.CardPayout.CardCountry = strings.TrimSpace(payment.Intent.Destination.Card.Country)
+	}
+	if payment.CardPayout.MaskedPan == "" && payment.Intent.Destination.Card != nil {
+		payment.CardPayout.MaskedPan = strings.TrimSpace(payment.Intent.Destination.Card.MaskedPan)
+	}
+	payment.CardPayout.GatewayReference = strings.TrimSpace(state.GetPayoutId())
+}
+
+func applyCardPayoutUpdate(payment *model.Payment, payout *mntxv1.CardPayoutState) {
+	if payment == nil || payout == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	recordCardPayoutState(payment, payout)
+
+	if payment.Execution == nil {
+		payment.Execution = &model.ExecutionRefs{}
+	}
+	if payment.Execution.CardPayoutRef == "" {
+		payment.Execution.CardPayoutRef = strings.TrimSpace(payout.GetPayoutId())
+	}
+
+	payment.State = mapMntxStatusToState(payout.GetStatus())
+	switch payout.GetStatus() {
+	case mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_PROCESSED:
+		payment.FailureCode = model.PaymentFailureCodeUnspecified
+		payment.FailureReason = ""
+	case mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_FAILED:
+		payment.FailureCode = model.PaymentFailureCodePolicy
+		payment.FailureReason = strings.TrimSpace(payout.GetProviderMessage())
+	default:
+		// leave as-is for pending/unspecified
+	}
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/command_factory.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/command_factory.go
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+)
+
+type paymentEngine interface {
+	EnsureRepository(ctx context.Context) error
+	BuildPaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, time.Time, error)
+	ResolvePaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, in quoteResolutionInput) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, error)
+	ExecutePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) error
+	Repository() storage.Repository
+}
+
+type defaultPaymentEngine struct {
+	svc *Service
+}
+
+func (e defaultPaymentEngine) EnsureRepository(ctx context.Context) error {
+	return e.svc.ensureRepository(ctx)
+}
+
+func (e defaultPaymentEngine) BuildPaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, time.Time, error) {
+	return e.svc.buildPaymentQuote(ctx, orgRef, req)
+}
+
+func (e defaultPaymentEngine) ResolvePaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, in quoteResolutionInput) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, error) {
+	return e.svc.resolvePaymentQuote(ctx, in)
+}
+
+func (e defaultPaymentEngine) ExecutePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) error {
+	return e.svc.executePayment(ctx, store, payment, quote)
+}
+
+func (e defaultPaymentEngine) Repository() storage.Repository {
+	return e.svc.storage
+}
+
+type paymentCommandFactory struct {
+	engine paymentEngine
+	logger mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func newPaymentCommandFactory(engine paymentEngine, logger mlogger.Logger) *paymentCommandFactory {
+	return &paymentCommandFactory{
+		engine: engine,
+		logger: logger.Named("commands"),
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *paymentCommandFactory) QuotePayment() *quotePaymentCommand {
+	return &quotePaymentCommand{
+		engine: f.engine,
+		logger: f.logger.Named("quote_payment"),
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *paymentCommandFactory) InitiatePayment() *initiatePaymentCommand {
+	return &initiatePaymentCommand{
+		engine: f.engine,
+		logger: f.logger.Named("initiate_payment"),
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *paymentCommandFactory) CancelPayment() *cancelPaymentCommand {
+	return &cancelPaymentCommand{
+		engine: f.engine,
+		logger: f.logger.Named("cancel_payment"),
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *paymentCommandFactory) InitiateConversion() *initiateConversionCommand {
+	return &initiateConversionCommand{
+		engine: f.engine,
+		logger: f.logger.Named("initiate_conversion"),
+	}
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/convert.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/convert.go
@@ -67,6 +67,19 @@ func endpointFromProto(src *orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint) model.PaymentEndpoin
 		}
 		return result
 	}
+	if card := src.GetCard(); card != nil {
+		result.Type = model.EndpointTypeCard
+		result.Card = &model.CardEndpoint{
+			Pan:        strings.TrimSpace(card.GetPan()),
+			Token:      strings.TrimSpace(card.GetToken()),
+			Cardholder: strings.TrimSpace(card.GetCardholderName()),
+			ExpMonth:   card.GetExpMonth(),
+			ExpYear:    card.GetExpYear(),
+			Country:    strings.TrimSpace(card.GetCountry()),
+			MaskedPan:  strings.TrimSpace(card.GetMaskedPan()),
+		}
+		return result
+	}
 	return result
 }

@@ -116,6 +129,18 @@ func toProtoPayment(src *model.Payment) *orchestratorv1.Payment {
 		Execution:      protoExecutionFromModel(src.Execution),
 		Metadata:       cloneMetadata(src.Metadata),
 	}
+	if src.CardPayout != nil {
+		payment.CardPayout = &orchestratorv1.CardPayout{
+			PayoutRef:         src.CardPayout.PayoutRef,
+			ProviderPaymentId: src.CardPayout.ProviderPaymentID,
+			Status:            src.CardPayout.Status,
+			FailureReason:     src.CardPayout.FailureReason,
+			CardCountry:       src.CardPayout.CardCountry,
+			MaskedPan:         src.CardPayout.MaskedPan,
+			ProviderCode:      src.CardPayout.ProviderCode,
+			GatewayReference:  src.CardPayout.GatewayReference,
+		}
+	}
 	if src.CreatedAt.IsZero() {
 		payment.CreatedAt = timestamppb.New(time.Now().UTC())
 	} else {
@@ -176,6 +201,23 @@ func protoEndpointFromModel(src model.PaymentEndpoint) *orchestratorv1.PaymentEn
 				},
 			}
 		}
+	case model.EndpointTypeCard:
+		if src.Card != nil {
+			card := &orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint{
+				CardholderName: src.Card.Cardholder,
+				ExpMonth:       src.Card.ExpMonth,
+				ExpYear:        src.Card.ExpYear,
+				Country:        src.Card.Country,
+				MaskedPan:      src.Card.MaskedPan,
+			}
+			if pan := strings.TrimSpace(src.Card.Pan); pan != "" {
+				card.Card = &orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint_Pan{Pan: pan}
+			}
+			if token := strings.TrimSpace(src.Card.Token); token != "" {
+				card.Card = &orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint_Token{Token: token}
+			}
+			endpoint.Endpoint = &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint_Card{Card: card}
+		}
 	default:
 		// leave unspecified
 	}
@@ -205,6 +247,8 @@ func protoExecutionFromModel(src *model.ExecutionRefs) *orchestratorv1.Execution
 		CreditEntryRef:   src.CreditEntryRef,
 		FxEntryRef:       src.FXEntryRef,
 		ChainTransferRef: src.ChainTransferRef,
+		CardPayoutRef:    src.CardPayoutRef,
+		FeeTransferRef:   src.FeeTransferRef,
 	}
 }

@@ -402,6 +446,18 @@ func applyProtoPaymentToModel(src *orchestratorv1.Payment, dst *model.Payment) e
 	dst.Metadata = cloneMetadata(src.GetMetadata())
 	dst.LastQuote = quoteSnapshotToModel(src.GetLastQuote())
 	dst.Execution = executionFromProto(src.GetExecution())
+	if src.GetCardPayout() != nil {
+		dst.CardPayout = &model.CardPayout{
+			PayoutRef:         strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetPayoutRef()),
+			ProviderPaymentID: strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetProviderPaymentId()),
+			Status:            strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetStatus()),
+			FailureReason:     strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetFailureReason()),
+			CardCountry:       strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetCardCountry()),
+			MaskedPan:         strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetMaskedPan()),
+			ProviderCode:      strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetProviderCode()),
+			GatewayReference:  strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayout().GetGatewayReference()),
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }

@@ -414,6 +470,8 @@ func executionFromProto(src *orchestratorv1.ExecutionRefs) *model.ExecutionRefs
 		CreditEntryRef:   strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCreditEntryRef()),
 		FXEntryRef:       strings.TrimSpace(src.GetFxEntryRef()),
 		ChainTransferRef: strings.TrimSpace(src.GetChainTransferRef()),
+		CardPayoutRef:    strings.TrimSpace(src.GetCardPayoutRef()),
+		FeeTransferRef:   strings.TrimSpace(src.GetFeeTransferRef()),
 	}
 }

--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/convert_card_test.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/convert_card_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+)
+
+func TestEndpointFromProtoCard(t *testing.T) {
+	protoEndpoint := &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint{
+		Endpoint: &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint_Card{
+			Card: &orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint{
+				Card:           &orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint_Pan{Pan: " 411111 "},
+				CardholderName: " Jane Doe ",
+				ExpMonth:       12,
+				ExpYear:        2030,
+				Country:        " US ",
+				MaskedPan:      " ****1111 ",
+			},
+		},
+		Metadata: map[string]string{"k": "v"},
+	}
+
+	modelEndpoint := endpointFromProto(protoEndpoint)
+	if modelEndpoint.Type != model.EndpointTypeCard {
+		t.Fatalf("expected card type, got %s", modelEndpoint.Type)
+	}
+	if modelEndpoint.Card == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("card payload missing")
+	}
+	if modelEndpoint.Card.Pan != "411111" || modelEndpoint.Card.Cardholder != "Jane Doe" || modelEndpoint.Card.Country != "US" || modelEndpoint.Card.MaskedPan != "****1111" {
+		t.Fatalf("card payload not trimmed as expected: %#v", modelEndpoint.Card)
+	}
+	if modelEndpoint.Metadata["k"] != "v" {
+		t.Fatalf("metadata not preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestProtoEndpointFromModelCard(t *testing.T) {
+	modelEndpoint := model.PaymentEndpoint{
+		Type: model.EndpointTypeCard,
+		Card: &model.CardEndpoint{
+			Token:      "tok_123",
+			Cardholder: "Jane",
+			ExpMonth:   1,
+			ExpYear:    2028,
+			Country:    "GB",
+			MaskedPan:  "****1234",
+		},
+		Metadata: map[string]string{"k": "v"},
+	}
+
+	protoEndpoint := protoEndpointFromModel(modelEndpoint)
+	card := protoEndpoint.GetCard()
+	if card == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("card payload missing in proto")
+	}
+	token, ok := card.Card.(*orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint_Token)
+	if !ok || token.Token != "tok_123" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected token payload, got %T %#v", card.Card, card.Card)
+	}
+	if card.GetCardholderName() != "Jane" || card.GetCountry() != "GB" || card.GetMaskedPan() != "****1234" {
+		t.Fatalf("card details mismatch: %#v", card)
+	}
+	if protoEndpoint.GetMetadata()["k"] != "v" {
+		t.Fatalf("metadata not preserved in proto endpoint")
+	}
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/handlers_commands.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/handlers_commands.go
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers/gsresponse"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mservice"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson/primitive"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+type quotePaymentCommand struct {
+	engine paymentEngine
+	logger mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func (h *quotePaymentCommand) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse] {
+	if err := h.engine.EnsureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
+	}
+	orgRef, orgID, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(req.GetMeta())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if err := requireNonNilIntent(req.GetIntent()); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	intent := req.GetIntent()
+
+	quote, expiresAt, err := h.engine.BuildPaymentQuote(ctx, orgRef, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	if !req.GetPreviewOnly() {
+		quotesStore, err := ensureQuotesStore(h.engine.Repository())
+		if err != nil {
+			return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+		}
+		quoteRef := primitive.NewObjectID().Hex()
+		quote.QuoteRef = quoteRef
+		record := &model.PaymentQuoteRecord{
+			QuoteRef:  quoteRef,
+			Intent:    intentFromProto(intent),
+			Quote:     quoteSnapshotToModel(quote),
+			ExpiresAt: expiresAt,
+		}
+		record.SetID(primitive.NewObjectID())
+		record.SetOrganizationRef(orgID)
+		if err := quotesStore.Create(ctx, record); err != nil {
+			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+		}
+		h.logger.Info("stored payment quote", zap.String("quote_ref", quoteRef), zap.String("org_ref", orgID.Hex()))
+	}
+
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse{Quote: quote})
+}
+
+type initiatePaymentCommand struct {
+	engine paymentEngine
+	logger mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func (h *initiatePaymentCommand) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse] {
+	if err := h.engine.EnsureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
+	}
+	orgRef, orgID, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(req.GetMeta())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	intent := req.GetIntent()
+	if err := requireNonNilIntent(intent); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	idempotencyKey, err := requireIdempotencyKey(req.GetIdempotencyKey())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	store, err := ensurePaymentsStore(h.engine.Repository())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	if existing, err := getPaymentByIdempotencyKey(ctx, store, orgID, idempotencyKey); err == nil && existing != nil {
+		h.logger.Debug("idempotent payment request reused", zap.String("payment_ref", existing.PaymentRef), zap.String("org_ref", orgID.Hex()))
+		return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(existing)})
+	} else if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, storage.ErrPaymentNotFound) {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	quoteSnapshot, err := h.engine.ResolvePaymentQuote(ctx, quoteResolutionInput{
+		OrgRef:         orgRef,
+		OrgID:          orgID,
+		Meta:           req.GetMeta(),
+		Intent:         intent,
+		QuoteRef:       req.GetQuoteRef(),
+		FeeQuoteToken:  req.GetFeeQuoteToken(),
+		IdempotencyKey: req.GetIdempotencyKey(),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		if qerr, ok := err.(quoteResolutionError); ok {
+			switch qerr.code {
+			case "quote_not_found":
+				return gsresponse.FailedPrecondition[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, qerr.code, qerr.err)
+			case "quote_expired":
+				return gsresponse.FailedPrecondition[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, qerr.code, qerr.err)
+			case "quote_intent_mismatch":
+				return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, qerr.err)
+			default:
+				return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, qerr.err)
+			}
+		}
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if quoteSnapshot == nil {
+		quoteSnapshot = &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{}
+	}
+
+	entity := newPayment(orgID, intent, idempotencyKey, req.GetMetadata(), quoteSnapshot)
+
+	if err = store.Create(ctx, entity); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, storage.ErrDuplicatePayment) {
+			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.DataConflict("payment already exists"))
+		}
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := h.engine.ExecutePayment(ctx, store, entity, quoteSnapshot); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	h.logger.Info("payment initiated", zap.String("payment_ref", entity.PaymentRef), zap.String("org_ref", orgID.Hex()), zap.String("kind", intent.GetKind().String()))
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse{
+		Payment: toProtoPayment(entity),
+	})
+}
+
+type cancelPaymentCommand struct {
+	engine paymentEngine
+	logger mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func (h *cancelPaymentCommand) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse] {
+	if err := h.engine.EnsureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
+	}
+	paymentRef, err := requirePaymentRef(req.GetPaymentRef())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	store, err := ensurePaymentsStore(h.engine.Repository())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	payment, err := store.GetByPaymentRef(ctx, paymentRef)
+	if err != nil {
+		return paymentNotFoundResponder[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, h.logger, err)
+	}
+	if payment.State != model.PaymentStateAccepted {
+		reason := merrors.InvalidArgument("payment cannot be cancelled in current state")
+		return gsresponse.FailedPrecondition[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, "payment_not_cancellable", reason)
+	}
+	payment.State = model.PaymentStateCancelled
+	payment.FailureCode = model.PaymentFailureCodePolicy
+	payment.FailureReason = strings.TrimSpace(req.GetReason())
+	if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	h.logger.Info("payment cancelled", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("org_ref", payment.OrganizationRef.Hex()))
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(payment)})
+}
+
+type initiateConversionCommand struct {
+	engine paymentEngine
+	logger mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func (h *initiateConversionCommand) Execute(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse] {
+	if err := h.engine.EnsureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
+	}
+	orgRef, orgID, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(req.GetMeta())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	idempotencyKey, err := requireIdempotencyKey(req.GetIdempotencyKey())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req.GetSource() == nil || req.GetSource().GetLedger() == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("source ledger endpoint is required"))
+	}
+	if req.GetDestination() == nil || req.GetDestination().GetLedger() == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("destination ledger endpoint is required"))
+	}
+	fxIntent := req.GetFx()
+	if fxIntent == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("fx intent is required"))
+	}
+
+	store, err := ensurePaymentsStore(h.engine.Repository())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	if existing, err := getPaymentByIdempotencyKey(ctx, store, orgID, idempotencyKey); err == nil && existing != nil {
+		h.logger.Debug("idempotent conversion request reused", zap.String("payment_ref", existing.PaymentRef), zap.String("org_ref", orgID.Hex()))
+		return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse{Conversion: toProtoPayment(existing)})
+	} else if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, storage.ErrPaymentNotFound) {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	amount, err := conversionAmountFromMetadata(req.GetMetadata(), fxIntent)
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	intentProto := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{
+		Kind:        orchestratorv1.PaymentKind_PAYMENT_KIND_FX_CONVERSION,
+		Source:      req.GetSource(),
+		Destination: req.GetDestination(),
+		Amount:      amount,
+		RequiresFx:  true,
+		Fx:          fxIntent,
+		FeePolicy:   req.GetFeePolicy(),
+	}
+
+	quote, _, err := h.engine.BuildPaymentQuote(ctx, orgRef, &orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest{
+		Meta:           req.GetMeta(),
+		IdempotencyKey: req.GetIdempotencyKey(),
+		Intent:         intentProto,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	entity := newPayment(orgID, intentProto, idempotencyKey, req.GetMetadata(), quote)
+
+	if err = store.Create(ctx, entity); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, storage.ErrDuplicatePayment) {
+			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.DataConflict("payment already exists"))
+		}
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := h.engine.ExecutePayment(ctx, store, entity, quote); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	h.logger.Info("conversion initiated", zap.String("payment_ref", entity.PaymentRef), zap.String("org_ref", orgID.Hex()))
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse{
+		Conversion: toProtoPayment(entity),
+	})
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/handlers_events.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/handlers_events.go
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers/gsresponse"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mservice"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+type paymentEventHandler struct {
+	repo       storage.Repository
+	ensureRepo func(ctx context.Context) error
+	logger     mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func newPaymentEventHandler(repo storage.Repository, ensure func(ctx context.Context) error, logger mlogger.Logger) *paymentEventHandler {
+	return &paymentEventHandler{
+		repo:       repo,
+		ensureRepo: ensure,
+		logger:     logger,
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *paymentEventHandler) processTransferUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse] {
+	if err := h.ensureRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil || req.GetEvent() == nil || req.GetEvent().GetTransfer() == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("transfer event is required"))
+	}
+	transfer := req.GetEvent().GetTransfer()
+	transferRef := strings.TrimSpace(transfer.GetTransferRef())
+	if transferRef == "" {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("transfer_ref is required"))
+	}
+	store := h.repo.Payments()
+	if store == nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
+	}
+	payment, err := store.GetByChainTransferRef(ctx, transferRef)
+	if err != nil {
+		return paymentNotFoundResponder[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, h.logger, err)
+	}
+	applyTransferStatus(req.GetEvent(), payment)
+	if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	h.logger.Info("transfer update applied", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("transfer_ref", transferRef), zap.Any("state", payment.State))
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(payment)})
+}
+
+func (h *paymentEventHandler) processDepositObserved(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse] {
+	if err := h.ensureRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil || req.GetEvent() == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("deposit event is required"))
+	}
+	event := req.GetEvent()
+	walletRef := strings.TrimSpace(event.GetWalletRef())
+	if walletRef == "" {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("wallet_ref is required"))
+	}
+	store := h.repo.Payments()
+	if store == nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
+	}
+	filter := &model.PaymentFilter{
+		States:         []model.PaymentState{model.PaymentStateSubmitted, model.PaymentStateFundsReserved},
+		DestinationRef: walletRef,
+	}
+	result, err := store.List(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	for _, payment := range result.Items {
+		if payment.Intent.Destination.Type != model.EndpointTypeManagedWallet {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !moneyEquals(payment.Intent.Amount, event.GetAmount()) {
+			continue
+		}
+		payment.State = model.PaymentStateSettled
+		payment.FailureCode = model.PaymentFailureCodeUnspecified
+		payment.FailureReason = ""
+		if payment.Execution == nil {
+			payment.Execution = &model.ExecutionRefs{}
+		}
+		if payment.Execution.ChainTransferRef == "" {
+			payment.Execution.ChainTransferRef = strings.TrimSpace(event.GetTransactionHash())
+		}
+		if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
+			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+		}
+		h.logger.Info("deposit observed matched payment", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("wallet_ref", walletRef))
+		return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(payment)})
+	}
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse{})
+}
+
+func (h *paymentEventHandler) processCardPayoutUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse] {
+	if err := h.ensureRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil || req.GetEvent() == nil || req.GetEvent().GetPayout() == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("event is required"))
+	}
+	payout := req.GetEvent().GetPayout()
+	paymentRef := strings.TrimSpace(payout.GetPayoutId())
+	if paymentRef == "" {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("payout_id is required"))
+	}
+
+	store := h.repo.Payments()
+	if store == nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
+	}
+	payment, err := store.GetByPaymentRef(ctx, paymentRef)
+	if err != nil {
+		return paymentNotFoundResponder[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse](mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, h.logger, err)
+	}
+
+	applyCardPayoutUpdate(payment, payout)
+	if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+
+	h.logger.Info("card payout update applied", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("payout_id", paymentRef), zap.Any("state", payment.State))
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse{
+		Payment: toProtoPayment(payment),
+	})
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/handlers_queries.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/handlers_queries.go
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers/gsresponse"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mservice"
+	paginationv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/pagination/v1"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+type paymentQueryHandler struct {
+	repo       storage.Repository
+	ensureRepo func(ctx context.Context) error
+	logger     mlogger.Logger
+}
+
+func newPaymentQueryHandler(repo storage.Repository, ensure func(ctx context.Context) error, logger mlogger.Logger) *paymentQueryHandler {
+	return &paymentQueryHandler{
+		repo:       repo,
+		ensureRepo: ensure,
+		logger:     logger,
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *paymentQueryHandler) getPayment(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.GetPaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse] {
+	if err := h.ensureRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
+	}
+	paymentRef, err := requirePaymentRef(req.GetPaymentRef())
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	store, err := ensurePaymentsStore(h.repo)
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	entity, err := store.GetByPaymentRef(ctx, paymentRef)
+	if err != nil {
+		return paymentNotFoundResponder[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, h.logger, err)
+	}
+	h.logger.Debug("payment fetched", zap.String("payment_ref", paymentRef))
+	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(entity)})
+}
+
+func (h *paymentQueryHandler) listPayments(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse] {
+	if err := h.ensureRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	if req == nil {
+		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
+	}
+	store, err := ensurePaymentsStore(h.repo)
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	filter := filterFromProto(req)
+	result, err := store.List(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](h.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
+	}
+	resp := &orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse{
+		Page: &paginationv1.CursorPageResponse{
+			NextCursor: result.NextCursor,
+		},
+	}
+	resp.Payments = make([]*orchestratorv1.Payment, 0, len(result.Items))
+	for _, item := range result.Items {
+		resp.Payments = append(resp.Payments, toProtoPayment(item))
+	}
+	h.logger.Debug("payments listed", zap.Int("count", len(resp.Payments)), zap.String("next_cursor", resp.GetPage().GetNextCursor()))
+	return gsresponse.Success(resp)
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/internal_helpers.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/internal_helpers.go
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers/gsresponse"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mservice"
 	feesv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/billing/fees/v1"
+	mntxv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/gateway/mntx/v1"
 	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
 )

@@ -51,10 +53,17 @@ func shouldEstimateNetworkFee(intent *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent) bool {
 	if intent == nil {
 		return false
 	}
+	dest := intent.GetDestination()
+	if dest == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if dest.GetCard() != nil {
+		return false
+	}
 	if intent.GetKind() == orchestratorv1.PaymentKind_PAYMENT_KIND_PAYOUT {
 		return true
 	}
-	if intent.GetDestination().GetManagedWallet() != nil || intent.GetDestination().GetExternalChain() != nil {
+	if dest.GetManagedWallet() != nil || dest.GetExternalChain() != nil {
 		return true
 	}
 	return false
@@ -69,3 +78,16 @@ func shouldRequestFX(intent *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent) bool {
 	}
 	return intent.GetFx() != nil && intent.GetFx().GetPair() != nil
 }
+
+func mapMntxStatusToState(status mntxv1.PayoutStatus) model.PaymentState {
+	switch status {
+	case mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_PROCESSED:
+		return model.PaymentStateSettled
+	case mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_FAILED:
+		return model.PaymentStateFailed
+	case mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_PENDING:
+		return model.PaymentStateSubmitted
+	default:
+		return model.PaymentStateUnspecified
+	}
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/internal_helpers_test.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/internal_helpers_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	mntxv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/gateway/mntx/v1"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+)
+
+func TestShouldEstimateNetworkFeeSkipsCard(t *testing.T) {
+	intent := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{
+		Kind: orchestratorv1.PaymentKind_PAYMENT_KIND_PAYOUT,
+		Destination: &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint{
+			Endpoint: &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint_Card{
+				Card: &orchestratorv1.CardEndpoint{},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if shouldEstimateNetworkFee(intent) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected network fee estimation to be skipped for card payouts")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldEstimateNetworkFeeManagedWallet(t *testing.T) {
+	intent := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{
+		Destination: &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint{
+			Endpoint: &orchestratorv1.PaymentEndpoint_ManagedWallet{
+				ManagedWallet: &orchestratorv1.ManagedWalletEndpoint{ManagedWalletRef: "mw"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if !shouldEstimateNetworkFee(intent) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected network fee estimation when destination is managed wallet")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMapMntxStatusToState(t *testing.T) {
+	if mapMntxStatusToState(mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_PROCESSED) != model.PaymentStateSettled {
+		t.Fatalf("processed should map to settled")
+	}
+	if mapMntxStatusToState(mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_FAILED) != model.PaymentStateFailed {
+		t.Fatalf("failed should map to failed")
+	}
+	if mapMntxStatusToState(mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_PENDING) != model.PaymentStateSubmitted {
+		t.Fatalf("pending should map to submitted")
+	}
+	if mapMntxStatusToState(mntxv1.PayoutStatus_PAYOUT_STATUS_UNSPECIFIED) != model.PaymentStateUnspecified {
+		t.Fatalf("unspecified should map to unspecified")
+	}
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/options.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/options.go
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 package orchestrator

 import (
+	"strings"
 	"time"

 	oracleclient "github.com/tech/sendico/fx/oracle/client"
 	chainclient "github.com/tech/sendico/gateway/chain/client"
+	mntxclient "github.com/tech/sendico/gateway/mntx/client"
 	ledgerclient "github.com/tech/sendico/ledger/client"
 	clockpkg "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/clock"
 	feesv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/billing/fees/v1"
@@ -46,10 +48,24 @@ func (o oracleDependency) available() bool {
 	return o.client != nil
 }

+type mntxDependency struct {
+	client mntxclient.Client
+}
+
+func (m mntxDependency) available() bool {
+	return m.client != nil
+}
+
+// CardGatewayRoute maps a gateway to its funding and fee destinations (addresses).
+type CardGatewayRoute struct {
+	FundingAddress string
+	FeeAddress     string
+}
+
 // WithFeeEngine wires the fee engine client.
 func WithFeeEngine(client feesv1.FeeEngineClient, timeout time.Duration) Option {
 	return func(s *Service) {
-		s.fees = feesDependency{
+		s.deps.fees = feesDependency{
 			client:  client,
 			timeout: timeout,
 		}
@@ -59,21 +75,41 @@ func WithFeeEngine(client feesv1.FeeEngineClient, timeout time.Duration) Option
 // WithLedgerClient wires the ledger client.
 func WithLedgerClient(client ledgerclient.Client) Option {
 	return func(s *Service) {
-		s.ledger = ledgerDependency{client: client}
+		s.deps.ledger = ledgerDependency{client: client}
 	}
 }

 // WithChainGatewayClient wires the chain gateway client.
 func WithChainGatewayClient(client chainclient.Client) Option {
 	return func(s *Service) {
-		s.gateway = gatewayDependency{client: client}
+		s.deps.gateway = gatewayDependency{client: client}
 	}
 }

 // WithOracleClient wires the FX oracle client.
 func WithOracleClient(client oracleclient.Client) Option {
 	return func(s *Service) {
-		s.oracle = oracleDependency{client: client}
+		s.deps.oracle = oracleDependency{client: client}
+	}
+}
+
+// WithMntxGateway wires the Monetix gateway client.
+func WithMntxGateway(client mntxclient.Client) Option {
+	return func(s *Service) {
+		s.deps.mntx = mntxDependency{client: client}
+	}
+}
+
+// WithCardGatewayRoutes configures funding/fee wallet routing per gateway.
+func WithCardGatewayRoutes(routes map[string]CardGatewayRoute) Option {
+	return func(s *Service) {
+		if len(routes) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		s.deps.cardRoutes = make(map[string]CardGatewayRoute, len(routes))
+		for k, v := range routes {
+			s.deps.cardRoutes[strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(k))] = v
+		}
 	}
 }

--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/payment_executor.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/payment_executor.go
@@ -3,215 +3,30 @@ package orchestrator
 import (
 	"context"
 	"strings"
-	"time"

-	oracleclient "github.com/tech/sendico/fx/oracle/client"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
-	feesv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/billing/fees/v1"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
 	fxv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/fx/v1"
-	moneyv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/money/v1"
 	chainv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/gateway/chain/v1"
 	ledgerv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/ledger/v1"
-	oraclev1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/oracle/v1"
 	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
 	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson/primitive"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 )

-func (s *Service) buildPaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, time.Time, error) {
-	intent := req.GetIntent()
-	amount := intent.GetAmount()
-	fxSide := fxv1.Side_SIDE_UNSPECIFIED
-	if intent.GetFx() != nil {
-		fxSide = intent.GetFx().GetSide()
-	}
-
-	var fxQuote *oraclev1.Quote
-	var err error
-	if shouldRequestFX(intent) {
-		fxQuote, err = s.requestFXQuote(ctx, orgRef, req)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, time.Time{}, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	payAmount, settlementAmountBeforeFees := resolveTradeAmounts(amount, fxQuote, fxSide)
-
-	feeBaseAmount := payAmount
-	if feeBaseAmount == nil {
-		feeBaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
-	}
-
-	feeQuote, err := s.quoteFees(ctx, orgRef, req, feeBaseAmount)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, time.Time{}, err
-	}
-	feeCurrency := ""
-	if feeBaseAmount != nil {
-		feeCurrency = feeBaseAmount.GetCurrency()
-	} else if amount != nil {
-		feeCurrency = amount.GetCurrency()
-	}
-	feeTotal := extractFeeTotal(feeQuote.GetLines(), feeCurrency)
-
-	var networkFee *chainv1.EstimateTransferFeeResponse
-	if shouldEstimateNetworkFee(intent) {
-		networkFee, err = s.estimateNetworkFee(ctx, intent)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, time.Time{}, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	debitAmount, settlementAmount := computeAggregates(payAmount, settlementAmountBeforeFees, feeTotal, networkFee, fxQuote)
-
-	quote := &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{
-		DebitAmount:              debitAmount,
-		ExpectedSettlementAmount: settlementAmount,
-		ExpectedFeeTotal:         feeTotal,
-		FeeLines:                 cloneFeeLines(feeQuote.GetLines()),
-		FeeRules:                 cloneFeeRules(feeQuote.GetApplied()),
-		FxQuote:                  fxQuote,
-		NetworkFee:               networkFee,
-		FeeQuoteToken:            feeQuote.GetFeeQuoteToken(),
-	}
-
-	expiresAt := quoteExpiry(s.clock.Now(), feeQuote, fxQuote)
-
-	return quote, expiresAt, nil
+type paymentExecutor struct {
+	deps   *serviceDependencies
+	logger mlogger.Logger
+	svc    *Service
 }

-func (s *Service) quoteFees(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest, baseAmount *moneyv1.Money) (*feesv1.PrecomputeFeesResponse, error) {
-	if !s.fees.available() {
-		return &feesv1.PrecomputeFeesResponse{}, nil
-	}
-	intent := req.GetIntent()
-	amount := cloneMoney(baseAmount)
-	if amount == nil {
-		amount = cloneMoney(intent.GetAmount())
-	}
-	feeIntent := &feesv1.Intent{
-		Trigger:    triggerFromKind(intent.GetKind(), intent.GetRequiresFx()),
-		BaseAmount: amount,
-		BookedAt:   timestamppb.New(s.clock.Now()),
-		OriginType: "payments.orchestrator.quote",
-		OriginRef:  strings.TrimSpace(req.GetIdempotencyKey()),
-		Attributes: cloneMetadata(intent.GetAttributes()),
-	}
-	timeout := req.GetMeta().GetTrace()
-	ctxTimeout, cancel := s.withTimeout(ctx, s.fees.timeout)
-	defer cancel()
-	resp, err := s.fees.client.PrecomputeFees(ctxTimeout, &feesv1.PrecomputeFeesRequest{
-		Meta: &feesv1.RequestMeta{
-			OrganizationRef: orgRef,
-			Trace:           timeout,
-		},
-		Intent: feeIntent,
-		TtlMs:  defaultFeeQuoteTTLMillis,
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		s.logger.Error("fees precompute failed", zap.Error(err))
-		return nil, merrors.Internal("fees_precompute_failed")
-	}
-	return resp, nil
+func newPaymentExecutor(deps *serviceDependencies, logger mlogger.Logger, svc *Service) *paymentExecutor {
+	return &paymentExecutor{deps: deps, logger: logger, svc: svc}
 }

-func (s *Service) estimateNetworkFee(ctx context.Context, intent *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent) (*chainv1.EstimateTransferFeeResponse, error) {
-	if !s.gateway.available() {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	req := &chainv1.EstimateTransferFeeRequest{
-		Amount: cloneMoney(intent.GetAmount()),
-	}
-	if src := intent.GetSource().GetManagedWallet(); src != nil {
-		req.SourceWalletRef = strings.TrimSpace(src.GetManagedWalletRef())
-	}
-	if dst := intent.GetDestination().GetManagedWallet(); dst != nil {
-		req.Destination = &chainv1.TransferDestination{
-			Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination_ManagedWalletRef{ManagedWalletRef: strings.TrimSpace(dst.GetManagedWalletRef())},
-		}
-	}
-	if dst := intent.GetDestination().GetExternalChain(); dst != nil {
-		req.Destination = &chainv1.TransferDestination{
-			Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination_ExternalAddress{ExternalAddress: strings.TrimSpace(dst.GetAddress())},
-			Memo:        strings.TrimSpace(dst.GetMemo()),
-		}
-		req.Asset = dst.GetAsset()
-	}
-	if req.Asset == nil {
-		if src := intent.GetSource().GetManagedWallet(); src != nil {
-			req.Asset = src.GetAsset()
-		}
-	}
-
-	resp, err := s.gateway.client.EstimateTransferFee(ctx, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		s.logger.Error("chain gateway fee estimation failed", zap.Error(err))
-		return nil, merrors.Internal("chain_gateway_fee_estimation_failed")
-	}
-	return resp, nil
-}
-
-func (s *Service) requestFXQuote(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*oraclev1.Quote, error) {
-	if !s.oracle.available() {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	intent := req.GetIntent()
-	meta := req.GetMeta()
-	fxIntent := intent.GetFx()
-	if fxIntent == nil {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	ttl := fxIntent.GetTtlMs()
-	if ttl <= 0 {
-		ttl = defaultOracleTTLMillis
-	}
-
-	params := oracleclient.GetQuoteParams{
-		Meta: oracleclient.RequestMeta{
-			OrganizationRef: orgRef,
-			Trace:           meta.GetTrace(),
-		},
-		Pair:              fxIntent.GetPair(),
-		Side:              fxIntent.GetSide(),
-		Firm:              fxIntent.GetFirm(),
-		TTL:               time.Duration(ttl) * time.Millisecond,
-		PreferredProvider: strings.TrimSpace(fxIntent.GetPreferredProvider()),
-	}
-
-	if fxIntent.GetMaxAgeMs() > 0 {
-		params.MaxAge = time.Duration(fxIntent.GetMaxAgeMs()) * time.Millisecond
-	}
-
-	if amount := intent.GetAmount(); amount != nil {
-		pair := fxIntent.GetPair()
-		if pair != nil {
-			switch {
-			case strings.EqualFold(amount.GetCurrency(), pair.GetBase()):
-				params.BaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
-			case strings.EqualFold(amount.GetCurrency(), pair.GetQuote()):
-				params.QuoteAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
-			default:
-				params.BaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
-			}
-		} else {
-			params.BaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
-		}
-	}
-
-	quote, err := s.oracle.client.GetQuote(ctx, params)
-	if err != nil {
-		s.logger.Error("fx oracle quote failed", zap.Error(err))
-		return nil, merrors.Internal("fx_quote_failed")
-	}
-	return quoteToProto(quote), nil
-}
-
-func (s *Service) executePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) error {
+func (p *paymentExecutor) executePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) error {
 	if store == nil {
 		return errStorageUnavailable
 	}
@@ -219,6 +34,7 @@ func (s *Service) executePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStor
 	charges := ledgerChargesFromFeeLines(quote.GetFeeLines())
 	ledgerNeeded := requiresLedger(payment)
 	chainNeeded := requiresChain(payment)
+	cardNeeded := payment.Intent.Destination.Type == model.EndpointTypeCard

 	exec := payment.Execution
 	if exec == nil {
@@ -226,25 +42,26 @@ func (s *Service) executePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStor
 	}

 	if ledgerNeeded {
-		if !s.ledger.available() {
-			return s.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeLedger, "ledger_client_unavailable", merrors.Internal("ledger_client_unavailable"))
+		if !p.deps.ledger.available() {
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeLedger, "ledger_client_unavailable", merrors.Internal("ledger_client_unavailable"))
 		}
-		if err := s.performLedgerOperation(ctx, payment, quote, charges); err != nil {
-			return s.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeLedger, strings.TrimSpace(err.Error()), err)
+		if err := p.performLedgerOperation(ctx, payment, quote, charges); err != nil {
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeLedger, strings.TrimSpace(err.Error()), err)
 		}
 		payment.State = model.PaymentStateFundsReserved
-		if err := s.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment); err != nil {
+		if err := p.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		p.logger.Info("ledger reservation completed", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
 	}

 	if chainNeeded {
-		if !s.gateway.available() {
-			return s.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeChain, "chain_client_unavailable", merrors.Internal("chain_client_unavailable"))
+		if !p.deps.gateway.available() {
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeChain, "chain_client_unavailable", merrors.Internal("chain_client_unavailable"))
 		}
-		resp, err := s.submitChainTransfer(ctx, payment, quote)
+		resp, err := p.submitChainTransfer(ctx, payment, quote)
 		if err != nil {
-			return s.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeChain, strings.TrimSpace(err.Error()), err)
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeChain, strings.TrimSpace(err.Error()), err)
 		}
 		exec = payment.Execution
 		if exec == nil {
@@ -255,17 +72,42 @@ func (s *Service) executePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStor
 		}
 		payment.Execution = exec
 		payment.State = model.PaymentStateSubmitted
-		if err := s.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment); err != nil {
+		if err := p.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		p.logger.Info("chain transfer submitted", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("transfer_ref", exec.ChainTransferRef))
+		if !cardNeeded {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if cardNeeded {
+		if !p.deps.mntx.available() {
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodePolicy, "card_gateway_unavailable", merrors.Internal("card_gateway_unavailable"))
+		}
+		if err := p.svc.submitCardFundingTransfers(ctx, payment, quote); err != nil {
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodeChain, strings.TrimSpace(err.Error()), err)
+		}
+		if err := p.svc.submitCardPayout(ctx, payment); err != nil {
+			return p.failPayment(ctx, store, payment, model.PaymentFailureCodePolicy, strings.TrimSpace(err.Error()), err)
+		}
+		payment.State = model.PaymentStateSubmitted
+		if err := p.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.logger.Info("card payout submitted", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef), zap.String("card_payout_ref", payment.Execution.CardPayoutRef))
 		return nil
 	}

 	payment.State = model.PaymentStateSettled
-	return s.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment)
+	if err := p.persistPayment(ctx, store, payment); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.logger.Info("payment settled without chain", zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
+	return nil
 }

-func (s *Service) performLedgerOperation(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, charges []*ledgerv1.PostingLine) error {
+func (p *paymentExecutor) performLedgerOperation(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, charges []*ledgerv1.PostingLine) error {
 	intent := payment.Intent
 	if payment.OrganizationRef == primitive.NilObjectID {
 		return merrors.InvalidArgument("ledger: organization_ref is required")
@@ -285,7 +127,7 @@ func (s *Service) performLedgerOperation(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Pay

 	switch intent.Kind {
 	case model.PaymentKindFXConversion:
-		if err := s.applyFX(ctx, payment, quote, charges, description, metadata, exec); err != nil {
+		if err := p.applyFX(ctx, payment, quote, charges, description, metadata, exec); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	case model.PaymentKindInternalTransfer, model.PaymentKindPayout, model.PaymentKindUnspecified:
@@ -303,7 +145,7 @@ func (s *Service) performLedgerOperation(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Pay
 			Charges:              charges,
 			Metadata:             metadata,
 		}
-		resp, err := s.ledger.client.TransferInternal(ctx, req)
+		resp, err := p.deps.ledger.client.TransferInternal(ctx, req)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -316,7 +158,7 @@ func (s *Service) performLedgerOperation(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Pay
 	return nil
 }

-func (s *Service) applyFX(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, charges []*ledgerv1.PostingLine, description string, metadata map[string]string, exec *model.ExecutionRefs) error {
+func (p *paymentExecutor) applyFX(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, charges []*ledgerv1.PostingLine, description string, metadata map[string]string, exec *model.ExecutionRefs) error {
 	intent := payment.Intent
 	source := intent.Source.Ledger
 	destination := intent.Destination.Ledger
@@ -354,7 +196,7 @@ func (s *Service) applyFX(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *or
 		Charges:              charges,
 		Metadata:             metadata,
 	}
-	resp, err := s.ledger.client.ApplyFXWithCharges(ctx, req)
+	resp, err := p.deps.ledger.client.ApplyFXWithCharges(ctx, req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -363,7 +205,7 @@ func (s *Service) applyFX(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *or
 	return nil
 }

-func (s *Service) submitChainTransfer(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) (*chainv1.SubmitTransferResponse, error) {
+func (p *paymentExecutor) submitChainTransfer(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) (*chainv1.SubmitTransferResponse, error) {
 	intent := payment.Intent
 	source := intent.Source.ManagedWallet
 	destination := intent.Destination
@@ -389,23 +231,23 @@ func (s *Service) submitChainTransfer(ctx context.Context, payment *model.Paymen
 		Metadata:        cloneMetadata(payment.Metadata),
 		ClientReference: payment.PaymentRef,
 	}
-	return s.gateway.client.SubmitTransfer(ctx, req)
+	return p.deps.gateway.client.SubmitTransfer(ctx, req)
 }

-func (s *Service) persistPayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment) error {
+func (p *paymentExecutor) persistPayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment) error {
 	if store == nil {
 		return errStorageUnavailable
 	}
 	return store.Update(ctx, payment)
 }

-func (s *Service) failPayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, code model.PaymentFailureCode, reason string, err error) error {
+func (p *paymentExecutor) failPayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, code model.PaymentFailureCode, reason string, err error) error {
 	payment.State = model.PaymentStateFailed
 	payment.FailureCode = code
 	payment.FailureReason = strings.TrimSpace(reason)
 	if store != nil {
 		if updateErr := store.Update(ctx, payment); updateErr != nil {
-			s.logger.Error("failed to persist payment failure", zap.Error(updateErr), zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
+			p.logger.Error("failed to persist payment failure", zap.Error(updateErr), zap.String("payment_ref", payment.PaymentRef))
 		}
 	}
 	if err != nil {
@@ -414,6 +256,21 @@ func (s *Service) failPayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore,
 	return merrors.Internal(reason)
 }

+func paymentDescription(payment *model.Payment) string {
+	if payment == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if val := strings.TrimSpace(payment.Intent.Attributes["description"]); val != "" {
+		return val
+	}
+	if payment.Metadata != nil {
+		if val := strings.TrimSpace(payment.Metadata["description"]); val != "" {
+			return val
+		}
+	}
+	return payment.PaymentRef
+}
+
 func resolveLedgerAccounts(intent model.PaymentIntent) (string, string, error) {
 	source := intent.Source.Ledger
 	destination := intent.Destination.Ledger
@@ -432,21 +289,6 @@ func resolveLedgerAccounts(intent model.PaymentIntent) (string, string, error) {
 	return strings.TrimSpace(source.LedgerAccountRef), to, nil
 }

-func paymentDescription(payment *model.Payment) string {
-	if payment == nil {
-		return ""
-	}
-	if val := strings.TrimSpace(payment.Intent.Attributes["description"]); val != "" {
-		return val
-	}
-	if payment.Metadata != nil {
-		if val := strings.TrimSpace(payment.Metadata["description"]); val != "" {
-			return val
-		}
-	}
-	return payment.PaymentRef
-}
-
 func requiresLedger(payment *model.Payment) bool {
 	if payment == nil {
 		return false
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/quote_engine.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/quote_engine.go
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	oracleclient "github.com/tech/sendico/fx/oracle/client"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
+	feesv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/billing/fees/v1"
+	fxv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/fx/v1"
+	moneyv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/money/v1"
+	chainv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/gateway/chain/v1"
+	oraclev1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/oracle/v1"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) buildPaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, time.Time, error) {
+	intent := req.GetIntent()
+	amount := intent.GetAmount()
+	fxSide := fxv1.Side_SIDE_UNSPECIFIED
+	if intent.GetFx() != nil {
+		fxSide = intent.GetFx().GetSide()
+	}
+
+	var fxQuote *oraclev1.Quote
+	var err error
+	if shouldRequestFX(intent) {
+		fxQuote, err = s.requestFXQuote(ctx, orgRef, req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, time.Time{}, err
+		}
+		s.logger.Debug("fx quote attached to payment quote", zap.String("org_ref", orgRef))
+	}
+
+	payAmount, settlementAmountBeforeFees := resolveTradeAmounts(amount, fxQuote, fxSide)
+
+	feeBaseAmount := payAmount
+	if feeBaseAmount == nil {
+		feeBaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
+	}
+
+	feeQuote, err := s.quoteFees(ctx, orgRef, req, feeBaseAmount)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, time.Time{}, err
+	}
+	feeCurrency := ""
+	if feeBaseAmount != nil {
+		feeCurrency = feeBaseAmount.GetCurrency()
+	} else if amount != nil {
+		feeCurrency = amount.GetCurrency()
+	}
+	feeTotal := extractFeeTotal(feeQuote.GetLines(), feeCurrency)
+
+	var networkFee *chainv1.EstimateTransferFeeResponse
+	if shouldEstimateNetworkFee(intent) {
+		networkFee, err = s.estimateNetworkFee(ctx, intent)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, time.Time{}, err
+		}
+		s.logger.Debug("network fee estimated", zap.String("org_ref", orgRef))
+	}
+
+	debitAmount, settlementAmount := computeAggregates(payAmount, settlementAmountBeforeFees, feeTotal, networkFee, fxQuote)
+
+	quote := &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{
+		DebitAmount:              debitAmount,
+		ExpectedSettlementAmount: settlementAmount,
+		ExpectedFeeTotal:         feeTotal,
+		FeeLines:                 cloneFeeLines(feeQuote.GetLines()),
+		FeeRules:                 cloneFeeRules(feeQuote.GetApplied()),
+		FxQuote:                  fxQuote,
+		NetworkFee:               networkFee,
+		FeeQuoteToken:            feeQuote.GetFeeQuoteToken(),
+	}
+
+	expiresAt := quoteExpiry(s.clock.Now(), feeQuote, fxQuote)
+
+	return quote, expiresAt, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) quoteFees(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest, baseAmount *moneyv1.Money) (*feesv1.PrecomputeFeesResponse, error) {
+	if !s.deps.fees.available() {
+		return &feesv1.PrecomputeFeesResponse{}, nil
+	}
+	intent := req.GetIntent()
+	amount := cloneMoney(baseAmount)
+	if amount == nil {
+		amount = cloneMoney(intent.GetAmount())
+	}
+	feeIntent := &feesv1.Intent{
+		Trigger:    triggerFromKind(intent.GetKind(), intent.GetRequiresFx()),
+		BaseAmount: amount,
+		BookedAt:   timestamppb.New(s.clock.Now()),
+		OriginType: "payments.orchestrator.quote",
+		OriginRef:  strings.TrimSpace(req.GetIdempotencyKey()),
+		Attributes: cloneMetadata(intent.GetAttributes()),
+	}
+	timeout := req.GetMeta().GetTrace()
+	ctxTimeout, cancel := s.withTimeout(ctx, s.deps.fees.timeout)
+	defer cancel()
+	resp, err := s.deps.fees.client.PrecomputeFees(ctxTimeout, &feesv1.PrecomputeFeesRequest{
+		Meta: &feesv1.RequestMeta{
+			OrganizationRef: orgRef,
+			Trace:           timeout,
+		},
+		Intent: feeIntent,
+		TtlMs:  defaultFeeQuoteTTLMillis,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		s.logger.Warn("fees precompute failed", zap.Error(err))
+		return nil, merrors.Internal("fees_precompute_failed")
+	}
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) estimateNetworkFee(ctx context.Context, intent *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent) (*chainv1.EstimateTransferFeeResponse, error) {
+	if !s.deps.gateway.available() {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	req := &chainv1.EstimateTransferFeeRequest{
+		Amount: cloneMoney(intent.GetAmount()),
+	}
+	if src := intent.GetSource().GetManagedWallet(); src != nil {
+		req.SourceWalletRef = strings.TrimSpace(src.GetManagedWalletRef())
+	}
+	if dst := intent.GetDestination().GetManagedWallet(); dst != nil {
+		req.Destination = &chainv1.TransferDestination{
+			Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination_ManagedWalletRef{ManagedWalletRef: strings.TrimSpace(dst.GetManagedWalletRef())},
+		}
+	}
+	if dst := intent.GetDestination().GetExternalChain(); dst != nil {
+		req.Destination = &chainv1.TransferDestination{
+			Destination: &chainv1.TransferDestination_ExternalAddress{ExternalAddress: strings.TrimSpace(dst.GetAddress())},
+			Memo:        strings.TrimSpace(dst.GetMemo()),
+		}
+		req.Asset = dst.GetAsset()
+	}
+	if req.Asset == nil {
+		if src := intent.GetSource().GetManagedWallet(); src != nil {
+			req.Asset = src.GetAsset()
+		}
+	}
+
+	resp, err := s.deps.gateway.client.EstimateTransferFee(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		s.logger.Warn("chain gateway fee estimation failed", zap.Error(err))
+		return nil, merrors.Internal("chain_gateway_fee_estimation_failed")
+	}
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) requestFXQuote(ctx context.Context, orgRef string, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*oraclev1.Quote, error) {
+	if !s.deps.oracle.available() {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	intent := req.GetIntent()
+	meta := req.GetMeta()
+	fxIntent := intent.GetFx()
+	if fxIntent == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	ttl := fxIntent.GetTtlMs()
+	if ttl <= 0 {
+		ttl = defaultOracleTTLMillis
+	}
+
+	params := oracleclient.GetQuoteParams{
+		Meta: oracleclient.RequestMeta{
+			OrganizationRef: orgRef,
+			Trace:           meta.GetTrace(),
+		},
+		Pair:              fxIntent.GetPair(),
+		Side:              fxIntent.GetSide(),
+		Firm:              fxIntent.GetFirm(),
+		TTL:               time.Duration(ttl) * time.Millisecond,
+		PreferredProvider: strings.TrimSpace(fxIntent.GetPreferredProvider()),
+	}
+
+	if fxIntent.GetMaxAgeMs() > 0 {
+		params.MaxAge = time.Duration(fxIntent.GetMaxAgeMs()) * time.Millisecond
+	}
+
+	if amount := intent.GetAmount(); amount != nil {
+		pair := fxIntent.GetPair()
+		if pair != nil {
+			switch {
+			case strings.EqualFold(amount.GetCurrency(), pair.GetBase()):
+				params.BaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
+			case strings.EqualFold(amount.GetCurrency(), pair.GetQuote()):
+				params.QuoteAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
+			default:
+				params.BaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
+			}
+		} else {
+			params.BaseAmount = cloneMoney(amount)
+		}
+	}
+
+	quote, err := s.deps.oracle.client.GetQuote(ctx, params)
+	if err != nil {
+		s.logger.Warn("fx oracle quote failed", zap.Error(err))
+		return nil, merrors.Internal("fx_quote_failed")
+	}
+	return quoteToProto(quote), nil
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/quote_request_test.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/quote_request_test.go
@@ -19,19 +19,21 @@ func TestRequestFXQuoteUsesQuoteAmountWhenCurrencyMatchesQuote(t *testing.T) {
 	svc := &Service{
 		logger: zap.NewNop(),
 		clock:  testClock{now: time.Now()},
-		oracle: oracleDependency{
-			client: &oracleclient.Fake{
-				GetQuoteFn: func(ctx context.Context, params oracleclient.GetQuoteParams) (*oracleclient.Quote, error) {
-					captured = params
-					return &oracleclient.Quote{
-						QuoteRef:    "q",
-						Pair:        params.Pair,
-						Side:        params.Side,
-						Price:       "1.1",
-						BaseAmount:  params.BaseAmount,
-						QuoteAmount: params.QuoteAmount,
-						ExpiresAt:   time.Now(),
-					}, nil
+		deps: serviceDependencies{
+			oracle: oracleDependency{
+				client: &oracleclient.Fake{
+					GetQuoteFn: func(ctx context.Context, params oracleclient.GetQuoteParams) (*oracleclient.Quote, error) {
+						captured = params
+						return &oracleclient.Quote{
+							QuoteRef:    "q",
+							Pair:        params.Pair,
+							Side:        params.Side,
+							Price:       "1.1",
+							BaseAmount:  params.BaseAmount,
+							QuoteAmount: params.QuoteAmount,
+							ExpiresAt:   time.Now(),
+						}, nil
+					},
 				},
 			},
 		},
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service.go
@@ -2,21 +2,14 @@ package orchestrator

 import (
 	"context"
-	"strings"

 	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers"
-	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers/gsresponse"
 	clockpkg "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/clock"
-	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
 	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
-	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mservice"
-	paginationv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/pagination/v1"
 	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
-	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson/primitive"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

 type serviceError string
@@ -40,14 +33,32 @@ type Service struct {
 	storage storage.Repository
 	clock   clockpkg.Clock

-	fees    feesDependency
-	ledger  ledgerDependency
-	gateway gatewayDependency
-	oracle  oracleDependency
+	deps serviceDependencies
+	h    handlerSet
+	comp componentSet

 	orchestratorv1.UnimplementedPaymentOrchestratorServer
 }

+type serviceDependencies struct {
+	fees       feesDependency
+	ledger     ledgerDependency
+	gateway    gatewayDependency
+	oracle     oracleDependency
+	mntx       mntxDependency
+	cardRoutes map[string]CardGatewayRoute
+}
+
+type handlerSet struct {
+	commands *paymentCommandFactory
+	queries  *paymentQueryHandler
+	events   *paymentEventHandler
+}
+
+type componentSet struct {
+	executor *paymentExecutor
+}
+
 // NewService constructs a payment orchestrator service.
 func NewService(logger mlogger.Logger, repo storage.Repository, opts ...Option) *Service {
 	svc := &Service{
@@ -68,9 +79,30 @@ func NewService(logger mlogger.Logger, repo storage.Repository, opts ...Option)
 		svc.clock = clockpkg.NewSystem()
 	}

+	engine := defaultPaymentEngine{svc: svc}
+	svc.h.commands = newPaymentCommandFactory(engine, svc.logger)
+	svc.h.queries = newPaymentQueryHandler(svc.storage, svc.ensureRepository, svc.logger.Named("queries"))
+	svc.h.events = newPaymentEventHandler(svc.storage, svc.ensureRepository, svc.logger.Named("events"))
+	svc.comp.executor = newPaymentExecutor(&svc.deps, svc.logger.Named("payment_executor"), svc)
+
 	return svc
 }

+func (s *Service) ensureHandlers() {
+	if s.h.commands == nil {
+		s.h.commands = newPaymentCommandFactory(defaultPaymentEngine{svc: s}, s.logger)
+	}
+	if s.h.queries == nil {
+		s.h.queries = newPaymentQueryHandler(s.storage, s.ensureRepository, s.logger.Named("queries"))
+	}
+	if s.h.events == nil {
+		s.h.events = newPaymentEventHandler(s.storage, s.ensureRepository, s.logger.Named("events"))
+	}
+	if s.comp.executor == nil {
+		s.comp.executor = newPaymentExecutor(&s.deps, s.logger.Named("payment_executor"), s)
+	}
+}
+
 // Register attaches the service to the supplied gRPC router.
 func (s *Service) Register(router routers.GRPC) error {
 	return router.Register(func(reg grpc.ServiceRegistrar) {
@@ -80,474 +112,59 @@ func (s *Service) Register(router routers.GRPC) error {

 // QuotePayment aggregates downstream quotes.
 func (s *Service) QuotePayment(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "QuotePayment", s.quotePaymentHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "QuotePayment", s.h.commands.QuotePayment().Execute, req)
 }

 // InitiatePayment captures a payment intent and reserves funds orchestration.
 func (s *Service) InitiatePayment(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "InitiatePayment", s.initiatePaymentHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "InitiatePayment", s.h.commands.InitiatePayment().Execute, req)
 }

 // CancelPayment attempts to cancel an in-flight payment.
 func (s *Service) CancelPayment(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "CancelPayment", s.cancelPaymentHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "CancelPayment", s.h.commands.CancelPayment().Execute, req)
 }

 // GetPayment returns a stored payment record.
 func (s *Service) GetPayment(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.GetPaymentRequest) (*orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "GetPayment", s.getPaymentHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "GetPayment", s.h.queries.getPayment, req)
 }

 // ListPayments lists stored payment records.
 func (s *Service) ListPayments(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsRequest) (*orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ListPayments", s.listPaymentsHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ListPayments", s.h.queries.listPayments, req)
 }

 // InitiateConversion orchestrates standalone FX conversions.
 func (s *Service) InitiateConversion(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionRequest) (*orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "InitiateConversion", s.initiateConversionHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "InitiateConversion", s.h.commands.InitiateConversion().Execute, req)
 }

 // ProcessTransferUpdate reconciles chain events back into payment state.
 func (s *Service) ProcessTransferUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateRequest) (*orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ProcessTransferUpdate", s.processTransferUpdateHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ProcessTransferUpdate", s.h.events.processTransferUpdate, req)
 }

 // ProcessDepositObserved reconciles deposit events to ledger.
 func (s *Service) ProcessDepositObserved(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedRequest) (*orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse, error) {
-	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ProcessDepositObserved", s.processDepositObservedHandler, req)
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ProcessDepositObserved", s.h.events.processDepositObserved, req)
 }

-func (s *Service) quotePaymentHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
-	}
-	meta := req.GetMeta()
-	if meta == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("meta is required"))
-	}
-	orgRef := strings.TrimSpace(meta.GetOrganizationRef())
-	if orgRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref is required"))
-	}
-	orgObjectID, parseErr := primitive.ObjectIDFromHex(orgRef)
-	if parseErr != nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref must be a valid objectID"))
-	}
-	intent := req.GetIntent()
-	if intent == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("intent is required"))
-	}
-	if intent.GetAmount() == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("intent.amount is required"))
-	}
-
-	quote, expiresAt, err := s.buildPaymentQuote(ctx, orgRef, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	if !req.GetPreviewOnly() {
-		quotesStore := s.storage.Quotes()
-		if quotesStore == nil {
-			return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-		}
-		quoteRef := primitive.NewObjectID().Hex()
-		quote.QuoteRef = quoteRef
-		record := &model.PaymentQuoteRecord{
-			QuoteRef:  quoteRef,
-			Intent:    intentFromProto(intent),
-			Quote:     quoteSnapshotToModel(quote),
-			ExpiresAt: expiresAt,
-		}
-		record.SetID(primitive.NewObjectID())
-		record.SetOrganizationRef(orgObjectID)
-		if err := quotesStore.Create(ctx, record); err != nil {
-			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentResponse{Quote: quote})
+// ProcessCardPayoutUpdate reconciles card payout events back into payment state.
+func (s *Service) ProcessCardPayoutUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateRequest) (*orchestratorv1.ProcessCardPayoutUpdateResponse, error) {
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return executeUnary(ctx, s, "ProcessCardPayoutUpdate", s.h.events.processCardPayoutUpdate, req)
 }

-func (s *Service) initiatePaymentHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
-	}
-	meta := req.GetMeta()
-	if meta == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("meta is required"))
-	}
-	orgRef := strings.TrimSpace(meta.GetOrganizationRef())
-	if orgRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref is required"))
-	}
-	orgObjectID, parseErr := primitive.ObjectIDFromHex(orgRef)
-	if parseErr != nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref must be a valid objectID"))
-	}
-	intent := req.GetIntent()
-	if intent == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("intent is required"))
-	}
-	if intent.GetAmount() == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("intent.amount is required"))
-	}
-	idempotencyKey := strings.TrimSpace(req.GetIdempotencyKey())
-	if idempotencyKey == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("idempotency_key is required"))
-	}
-
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-
-	existing, err := store.GetByIdempotencyKey(ctx, orgObjectID, idempotencyKey)
-	if err == nil && existing != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse{
-			Payment: toProtoPayment(existing),
-		})
-	}
-	if err != nil && err != storage.ErrPaymentNotFound {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	quoteRef := strings.TrimSpace(req.GetQuoteRef())
-	quote := strings.TrimSpace(req.GetFeeQuoteToken())
-	var quoteSnapshot *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote
-	if quoteRef != "" {
-		quotesStore := s.storage.Quotes()
-		if quotesStore == nil {
-			return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-		}
-		record, err := quotesStore.GetByRef(ctx, orgObjectID, quoteRef)
-		if err != nil {
-			if err == storage.ErrQuoteNotFound {
-				return gsresponse.FailedPrecondition[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, "quote_not_found", merrors.InvalidArgument("quote_ref not found or expired"))
-			}
-			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-		if !record.ExpiresAt.IsZero() && s.clock.Now().After(record.ExpiresAt) {
-			return gsresponse.FailedPrecondition[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, "quote_expired", merrors.InvalidArgument("quote_ref expired"))
-		}
-		if !proto.Equal(protoIntentFromModel(record.Intent), intent) {
-			return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("quote_ref does not match intent"))
-		}
-		quoteSnapshot = modelQuoteToProto(record.Quote)
-		if quoteSnapshot == nil {
-			return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("stored quote is empty"))
-		}
-		quoteSnapshot.QuoteRef = quoteRef
-	} else if quote == "" {
-		quoteSnapshot, _, err = s.buildPaymentQuote(ctx, orgRef, &orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest{
-			Meta:           req.GetMeta(),
-			IdempotencyKey: req.GetIdempotencyKey(),
-			Intent:         req.GetIntent(),
-			PreviewOnly:    false,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-	} else {
-		quoteSnapshot = &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{FeeQuoteToken: quote}
-	}
-
-	entity := &model.Payment{}
-	entity.SetID(primitive.NewObjectID())
-	entity.SetOrganizationRef(orgObjectID)
-	entity.PaymentRef = entity.GetID().Hex()
-	entity.IdempotencyKey = idempotencyKey
-	entity.State = model.PaymentStateAccepted
-	entity.Intent = intentFromProto(intent)
-	entity.Metadata = cloneMetadata(req.GetMetadata())
-	entity.LastQuote = quoteSnapshotToModel(quoteSnapshot)
-	entity.Normalize()
-
-	if err = store.Create(ctx, entity); err != nil {
-		if err == storage.ErrDuplicatePayment {
-			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.DataConflict("payment already exists"))
-		}
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	if quoteSnapshot == nil {
-		quoteSnapshot = &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{}
-	}
-
-	if err := s.executePayment(ctx, store, entity, quoteSnapshot); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentResponse{
-		Payment: toProtoPayment(entity),
-	})
-}
-
-func (s *Service) cancelPaymentHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
-	}
-	paymentRef := strings.TrimSpace(req.GetPaymentRef())
-	if paymentRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("payment_ref is required"))
-	}
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-	payment, err := store.GetByPaymentRef(ctx, paymentRef)
-	if err != nil {
-		if err == storage.ErrPaymentNotFound {
-			return gsresponse.NotFound[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if payment.State != model.PaymentStateAccepted {
-		reason := merrors.InvalidArgument("payment cannot be cancelled in current state")
-		return gsresponse.FailedPrecondition[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, "payment_not_cancellable", reason)
-	}
-	payment.State = model.PaymentStateCancelled
-	payment.FailureCode = model.PaymentFailureCodePolicy
-	payment.FailureReason = strings.TrimSpace(req.GetReason())
-	if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.CancelPaymentResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(payment)})
-}
-
-func (s *Service) getPaymentHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.GetPaymentRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
-	}
-	paymentRef := strings.TrimSpace(req.GetPaymentRef())
-	if paymentRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("payment_ref is required"))
-	}
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-	entity, err := store.GetByPaymentRef(ctx, paymentRef)
-	if err != nil {
-		if err == storage.ErrPaymentNotFound {
-			return gsresponse.NotFound[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.GetPaymentResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(entity)})
-}
-
-func (s *Service) listPaymentsHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
-	}
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-	filter := filterFromProto(req)
-	result, err := store.List(ctx, filter)
-	if err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	resp := &orchestratorv1.ListPaymentsResponse{
-		Page: &paginationv1.CursorPageResponse{
-			NextCursor: result.NextCursor,
-		},
-	}
-	resp.Payments = make([]*orchestratorv1.Payment, 0, len(result.Items))
-	for _, item := range result.Items {
-		resp.Payments = append(resp.Payments, toProtoPayment(item))
-	}
-	return gsresponse.Success(resp)
-}
-
-func (s *Service) initiateConversionHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("nil request"))
-	}
-	meta := req.GetMeta()
-	if meta == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("meta is required"))
-	}
-	orgRef := strings.TrimSpace(meta.GetOrganizationRef())
-	if orgRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref is required"))
-	}
-	orgObjectID, parseErr := primitive.ObjectIDFromHex(orgRef)
-	if parseErr != nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref must be a valid objectID"))
-	}
-	idempotencyKey := strings.TrimSpace(req.GetIdempotencyKey())
-	if idempotencyKey == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("idempotency_key is required"))
-	}
-	if req.GetSource() == nil || req.GetSource().GetLedger() == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("source ledger endpoint is required"))
-	}
-	if req.GetDestination() == nil || req.GetDestination().GetLedger() == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("destination ledger endpoint is required"))
-	}
-	fxIntent := req.GetFx()
-	if fxIntent == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("fx intent is required"))
-	}
-
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-
-	if existing, err := store.GetByIdempotencyKey(ctx, orgObjectID, idempotencyKey); err == nil && existing != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse{Conversion: toProtoPayment(existing)})
-	} else if err != nil && err != storage.ErrPaymentNotFound {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	amount, err := conversionAmountFromMetadata(req.GetMetadata(), fxIntent)
-	if err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	intentProto := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{
-		Kind:        orchestratorv1.PaymentKind_PAYMENT_KIND_FX_CONVERSION,
-		Source:      req.GetSource(),
-		Destination: req.GetDestination(),
-		Amount:      amount,
-		RequiresFx:  true,
-		Fx:          fxIntent,
-		FeePolicy:   req.GetFeePolicy(),
-	}
-
-	quote, _, err := s.buildPaymentQuote(ctx, orgRef, &orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest{
-		Meta:           req.GetMeta(),
-		IdempotencyKey: req.GetIdempotencyKey(),
-		Intent:         intentProto,
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	entity := &model.Payment{}
-	entity.SetID(primitive.NewObjectID())
-	entity.SetOrganizationRef(orgObjectID)
-	entity.PaymentRef = entity.GetID().Hex()
-	entity.IdempotencyKey = idempotencyKey
-	entity.State = model.PaymentStateAccepted
-	entity.Intent = intentFromProto(intentProto)
-	entity.Metadata = cloneMetadata(req.GetMetadata())
-	entity.LastQuote = quoteSnapshotToModel(quote)
-	entity.Normalize()
-
-	if err = store.Create(ctx, entity); err != nil {
-		if err == storage.ErrDuplicatePayment {
-			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.DataConflict("payment already exists"))
-		}
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := s.executePayment(ctx, store, entity, quote); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.InitiateConversionResponse{
-		Conversion: toProtoPayment(entity),
-	})
-}
-
-func (s *Service) processTransferUpdateHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil || req.GetEvent() == nil || req.GetEvent().GetTransfer() == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("transfer event is required"))
-	}
-	transfer := req.GetEvent().GetTransfer()
-	transferRef := strings.TrimSpace(transfer.GetTransferRef())
-	if transferRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("transfer_ref is required"))
-	}
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-	payment, err := store.GetByChainTransferRef(ctx, transferRef)
-	if err != nil {
-		if err == storage.ErrPaymentNotFound {
-			return gsresponse.NotFound[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	applyTransferStatus(req.GetEvent(), payment)
-	if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(payment)})
-}
-
-func (s *Service) processDepositObservedHandler(ctx context.Context, req *orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedRequest) gsresponse.Responder[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse] {
-	if err := s.ensureRepository(ctx); err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	if req == nil || req.GetEvent() == nil {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("deposit event is required"))
-	}
-	event := req.GetEvent()
-	walletRef := strings.TrimSpace(event.GetWalletRef())
-	if walletRef == "" {
-		return gsresponse.InvalidArgument[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, merrors.InvalidArgument("wallet_ref is required"))
-	}
-	store := s.storage.Payments()
-	if store == nil {
-		return gsresponse.Unavailable[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, errStorageUnavailable)
-	}
-	filter := &model.PaymentFilter{
-		States:         []model.PaymentState{model.PaymentStateSubmitted, model.PaymentStateFundsReserved},
-		DestinationRef: walletRef,
-	}
-	result, err := store.List(ctx, filter)
-	if err != nil {
-		return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-	}
-	for _, payment := range result.Items {
-		if payment.Intent.Destination.Type != model.EndpointTypeManagedWallet {
-			continue
-		}
-		if !moneyEquals(payment.Intent.Amount, event.GetAmount()) {
-			continue
-		}
-		payment.State = model.PaymentStateSettled
-		payment.FailureCode = model.PaymentFailureCodeUnspecified
-		payment.FailureReason = ""
-		if payment.Execution == nil {
-			payment.Execution = &model.ExecutionRefs{}
-		}
-		if payment.Execution.ChainTransferRef == "" {
-			payment.Execution.ChainTransferRef = strings.TrimSpace(event.GetTransactionHash())
-		}
-		if err := store.Update(ctx, payment); err != nil {
-			return gsresponse.Auto[orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse](s.logger, mservice.PaymentOrchestrator, err)
-		}
-		return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse{Payment: toProtoPayment(payment)})
-	}
-	return gsresponse.Success(&orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedResponse{})
+func (s *Service) executePayment(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, payment *model.Payment, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) error {
+	s.ensureHandlers()
+	return s.comp.executor.executePayment(ctx, store, payment, quote)
 }
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service_helpers.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service_helpers.go
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/api/routers/gsresponse"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/merrors"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mservice"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson/primitive"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
+)
+
+func validateMetaAndOrgRef(meta *orchestratorv1.RequestMeta) (string, primitive.ObjectID, error) {
+	if meta == nil {
+		return "", primitive.NilObjectID, merrors.InvalidArgument("meta is required")
+	}
+	orgRef := strings.TrimSpace(meta.GetOrganizationRef())
+	if orgRef == "" {
+		return "", primitive.NilObjectID, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref is required")
+	}
+	orgID, err := primitive.ObjectIDFromHex(orgRef)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", primitive.NilObjectID, merrors.InvalidArgument("organization_ref must be a valid objectID")
+	}
+	return orgRef, orgID, nil
+}
+
+func requireIdempotencyKey(k string) (string, error) {
+	key := strings.TrimSpace(k)
+	if key == "" {
+		return "", merrors.InvalidArgument("idempotency_key is required")
+	}
+	return key, nil
+}
+
+func requirePaymentRef(ref string) (string, error) {
+	val := strings.TrimSpace(ref)
+	if val == "" {
+		return "", merrors.InvalidArgument("payment_ref is required")
+	}
+	return val, nil
+}
+
+func requireNonNilIntent(intent *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent) error {
+	if intent == nil {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("intent is required")
+	}
+	if intent.GetAmount() == nil {
+		return merrors.InvalidArgument("intent.amount is required")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func ensurePaymentsStore(repo storage.Repository) (storage.PaymentsStore, error) {
+	if repo == nil {
+		return nil, errStorageUnavailable
+	}
+	store := repo.Payments()
+	if store == nil {
+		return nil, errStorageUnavailable
+	}
+	return store, nil
+}
+
+func ensureQuotesStore(repo storage.Repository) (storage.QuotesStore, error) {
+	if repo == nil {
+		return nil, errStorageUnavailable
+	}
+	store := repo.Quotes()
+	if store == nil {
+		return nil, errStorageUnavailable
+	}
+	return store, nil
+}
+
+func getPaymentByIdempotencyKey(ctx context.Context, store storage.PaymentsStore, orgID primitive.ObjectID, key string) (*model.Payment, error) {
+	payment, err := store.GetByIdempotencyKey(ctx, orgID, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return payment, nil
+}
+
+type quoteResolutionInput struct {
+	OrgRef         string
+	OrgID          primitive.ObjectID
+	Meta           *orchestratorv1.RequestMeta
+	Intent         *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent
+	QuoteRef       string
+	FeeQuoteToken  string
+	IdempotencyKey string
+}
+
+type quoteResolutionError struct {
+	code string
+	err  error
+}
+
+func (e quoteResolutionError) Error() string { return e.err.Error() }
+
+func (s *Service) resolvePaymentQuote(ctx context.Context, in quoteResolutionInput) (*orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote, error) {
+	if ref := strings.TrimSpace(in.QuoteRef); ref != "" {
+		quotesStore, err := ensureQuotesStore(s.storage)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		record, err := quotesStore.GetByRef(ctx, in.OrgID, ref)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, storage.ErrQuoteNotFound) {
+				return nil, quoteResolutionError{code: "quote_not_found", err: merrors.InvalidArgument("quote_ref not found or expired")}
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if !record.ExpiresAt.IsZero() && s.clock.Now().After(record.ExpiresAt) {
+			return nil, quoteResolutionError{code: "quote_expired", err: merrors.InvalidArgument("quote_ref expired")}
+		}
+		if !proto.Equal(protoIntentFromModel(record.Intent), in.Intent) {
+			return nil, quoteResolutionError{code: "quote_intent_mismatch", err: merrors.InvalidArgument("quote_ref does not match intent")}
+		}
+		quote := modelQuoteToProto(record.Quote)
+		if quote == nil {
+			return nil, merrors.InvalidArgument("stored quote is empty")
+		}
+		quote.QuoteRef = ref
+		return quote, nil
+	}
+
+	if token := strings.TrimSpace(in.FeeQuoteToken); token != "" {
+		return &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{FeeQuoteToken: token}, nil
+	}
+
+	req := &orchestratorv1.QuotePaymentRequest{
+		Meta:           in.Meta,
+		IdempotencyKey: in.IdempotencyKey,
+		Intent:         in.Intent,
+		PreviewOnly:    false,
+	}
+	quote, _, err := s.buildPaymentQuote(ctx, in.OrgRef, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return quote, nil
+}
+
+func newPayment(orgID primitive.ObjectID, intent *orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent, idempotencyKey string, metadata map[string]string, quote *orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote) *model.Payment {
+	entity := &model.Payment{}
+	entity.SetID(primitive.NewObjectID())
+	entity.SetOrganizationRef(orgID)
+	entity.PaymentRef = entity.GetID().Hex()
+	entity.IdempotencyKey = idempotencyKey
+	entity.State = model.PaymentStateAccepted
+	entity.Intent = intentFromProto(intent)
+	entity.Metadata = cloneMetadata(metadata)
+	entity.LastQuote = quoteSnapshotToModel(quote)
+	entity.Normalize()
+	return entity
+}
+
+func paymentNotFoundResponder[T any](svc mservice.Type, logger mlogger.Logger, err error) gsresponse.Responder[T] {
+	if errors.Is(err, storage.ErrPaymentNotFound) {
+		return gsresponse.NotFound[T](logger, svc, err)
+	}
+	return gsresponse.Auto[T](logger, svc, err)
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service_helpers_test.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service_helpers_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+package orchestrator
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage"
+	"github.com/tech/sendico/payments/orchestrator/storage/model"
+	clockpkg "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/clock"
+	mloggerfactory "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/mlogger/factory"
+	moneyv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/common/money/v1"
+	orchestratorv1 "github.com/tech/sendico/pkg/proto/payments/orchestrator/v1"
+	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson/primitive"
+)
+
+func TestValidateMetaAndOrgRef(t *testing.T) {
+	org := primitive.NewObjectID()
+	meta := &orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: org.Hex()}
+	ref, id, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(meta)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if ref != org.Hex() || id != org {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected org parsing: %s %s", ref, id.Hex())
+	}
+	if _, _, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(nil); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error on nil meta")
+	}
+	if _, _, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(&orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: ""}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error on empty orgRef")
+	}
+	if _, _, err := validateMetaAndOrgRef(&orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: "bad"}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error on invalid orgRef")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRequireIdempotencyKey(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := requireIdempotencyKey("   "); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error for empty key")
+	}
+	val, err := requireIdempotencyKey(" key ")
+	if err != nil || val != "key" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected result %s err %v", val, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewPayment(t *testing.T) {
+	org := primitive.NewObjectID()
+	intent := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{
+		Amount: &moneyv1.Money{Currency: "USD", Amount: "10"},
+	}
+	quote := &orchestratorv1.PaymentQuote{QuoteRef: "q1"}
+	p := newPayment(org, intent, "idem", map[string]string{"k": "v"}, quote)
+	if p.PaymentRef == "" || p.IdempotencyKey != "idem" || p.State != model.PaymentStateAccepted {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected payment fields: %+v", p)
+	}
+	if p.Intent.Amount == nil || p.Intent.Amount.GetAmount() != "10" {
+		t.Fatalf("intent not copied")
+	}
+	if p.LastQuote == nil || p.LastQuote.QuoteRef != "q1" {
+		t.Fatalf("quote not copied")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolvePaymentQuote_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	org := primitive.NewObjectID()
+	svc := &Service{
+		storage: stubRepo{quotes: &helperQuotesStore{}},
+		clock:   clockpkg.NewSystem(),
+	}
+	_, err := svc.resolvePaymentQuote(context.Background(), quoteResolutionInput{
+		OrgRef:   org.Hex(),
+		OrgID:    org,
+		Meta:     &orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: org.Hex()},
+		Intent:   &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{Amount: &moneyv1.Money{Currency: "USD", Amount: "1"}},
+		QuoteRef: "missing",
+	})
+	if qerr, ok := err.(quoteResolutionError); !ok || qerr.code != "quote_not_found" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected quote_not_found, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolvePaymentQuote_Expired(t *testing.T) {
+	org := primitive.NewObjectID()
+	intent := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{Amount: &moneyv1.Money{Currency: "USD", Amount: "1"}}
+	record := &model.PaymentQuoteRecord{
+		QuoteRef:  "q1",
+		Intent:    intentFromProto(intent),
+		Quote:     &model.PaymentQuoteSnapshot{},
+		ExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(-time.Minute),
+	}
+	svc := &Service{
+		storage: stubRepo{quotes: &helperQuotesStore{records: map[string]*model.PaymentQuoteRecord{"q1": record}}},
+		clock:   clockpkg.NewSystem(),
+	}
+	_, err := svc.resolvePaymentQuote(context.Background(), quoteResolutionInput{
+		OrgRef:   org.Hex(),
+		OrgID:    org,
+		Meta:     &orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: org.Hex()},
+		Intent:   intent,
+		QuoteRef: "q1",
+	})
+	if qerr, ok := err.(quoteResolutionError); !ok || qerr.code != "quote_expired" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected quote_expired, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolvePaymentQuote_FeeToken(t *testing.T) {
+	org := primitive.NewObjectID()
+	intent := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{Amount: &moneyv1.Money{Currency: "USD", Amount: "1"}}
+	svc := &Service{clock: clockpkg.NewSystem()}
+	quote, err := svc.resolvePaymentQuote(context.Background(), quoteResolutionInput{
+		OrgRef:        org.Hex(),
+		OrgID:         org,
+		Meta:          &orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: org.Hex()},
+		Intent:        intent,
+		FeeQuoteToken: "token",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if quote.GetFeeQuoteToken() != "token" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected fee token preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInitiatePaymentIdempotency(t *testing.T) {
+	logger := mloggerfactory.NewLogger(false)
+	org := primitive.NewObjectID()
+	store := newHelperPaymentStore()
+	svc := NewService(logger, stubRepo{
+		payments: store,
+	}, WithClock(clockpkg.NewSystem()))
+	svc.ensureHandlers()
+
+	intent := &orchestratorv1.PaymentIntent{
+		Amount: &moneyv1.Money{Currency: "USD", Amount: "1"},
+	}
+	req := &orchestratorv1.InitiatePaymentRequest{
+		Meta:           &orchestratorv1.RequestMeta{OrganizationRef: org.Hex()},
+		Intent:         intent,
+		IdempotencyKey: "k1",
+		FeeQuoteToken:  "fq",
+	}
+	resp, err := svc.h.commands.InitiatePayment().Execute(context.Background(), req)(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("first call failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	resp2, err := svc.h.commands.InitiatePayment().Execute(context.Background(), req)(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("second call failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if resp == nil || resp2 == nil || resp.Payment.GetPaymentRef() != resp2.Payment.GetPaymentRef() {
+		t.Fatalf("idempotent call returned different payments")
+	}
+}
+
+// --- test doubles ---
+
+type stubRepo struct {
+	payments storage.PaymentsStore
+	quotes   storage.QuotesStore
+	pingErr  error
+}
+
+func (s stubRepo) Ping(context.Context) error      { return s.pingErr }
+func (s stubRepo) Payments() storage.PaymentsStore { return s.payments }
+func (s stubRepo) Quotes() storage.QuotesStore     { return s.quotes }
+
+type helperPaymentStore struct {
+	byRef   map[string]*model.Payment
+	byIdem  map[string]*model.Payment
+	byChain map[string]*model.Payment
+}
+
+func newHelperPaymentStore() *helperPaymentStore {
+	return &helperPaymentStore{
+		byRef:   make(map[string]*model.Payment),
+		byIdem:  make(map[string]*model.Payment),
+		byChain: make(map[string]*model.Payment),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *helperPaymentStore) Create(_ context.Context, p *model.Payment) error {
+	if _, ok := s.byRef[p.PaymentRef]; ok {
+		return storage.ErrDuplicatePayment
+	}
+	s.byRef[p.PaymentRef] = p
+	if p.IdempotencyKey != "" {
+		s.byIdem[p.IdempotencyKey] = p
+	}
+	if p.Execution != nil && p.Execution.ChainTransferRef != "" {
+		s.byChain[p.Execution.ChainTransferRef] = p
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *helperPaymentStore) Update(_ context.Context, p *model.Payment) error {
+	if p == nil {
+		return storage.ErrPaymentNotFound
+	}
+	if _, ok := s.byRef[p.PaymentRef]; !ok {
+		return storage.ErrPaymentNotFound
+	}
+	s.byRef[p.PaymentRef] = p
+	if p.IdempotencyKey != "" {
+		s.byIdem[p.IdempotencyKey] = p
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *helperPaymentStore) GetByPaymentRef(_ context.Context, ref string) (*model.Payment, error) {
+	if p, ok := s.byRef[ref]; ok {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+	return nil, storage.ErrPaymentNotFound
+}
+
+func (s *helperPaymentStore) GetByIdempotencyKey(_ context.Context, _ primitive.ObjectID, key string) (*model.Payment, error) {
+	if p, ok := s.byIdem[key]; ok {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+	return nil, storage.ErrPaymentNotFound
+}
+
+func (s *helperPaymentStore) GetByChainTransferRef(_ context.Context, ref string) (*model.Payment, error) {
+	if p, ok := s.byChain[ref]; ok {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+	return nil, storage.ErrPaymentNotFound
+}
+
+func (s *helperPaymentStore) List(_ context.Context, _ *model.PaymentFilter) (*model.PaymentList, error) {
+	return &model.PaymentList{}, nil
+}
+
+type helperQuotesStore struct {
+	records map[string]*model.PaymentQuoteRecord
+}
+
+func (s *helperQuotesStore) Create(_ context.Context, _ *model.PaymentQuoteRecord) error { return nil }
+
+func (s *helperQuotesStore) GetByRef(_ context.Context, _ primitive.ObjectID, ref string) (*model.PaymentQuoteRecord, error) {
+	if s.records == nil {
+		return nil, storage.ErrQuoteNotFound
+	}
+	if rec, ok := s.records[ref]; ok {
+		return rec, nil
+	}
+	return nil, storage.ErrQuoteNotFound
+}
--- a/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service_test.go
+++ b/api/payments/orchestrator/internal/service/orchestrator/service_test.go
@@ -32,11 +32,13 @@ func TestExecutePayment_FXConversionSettled(t *testing.T) {
 		logger:  zap.NewNop(),
 		clock:   testClock{now: time.Now()},
 		storage: repo,
-		ledger: ledgerDependency{client: &ledgerclient.Fake{
-			ApplyFXWithChargesFn: func(ctx context.Context, req *ledgerv1.FXRequest) (*ledgerv1.PostResponse, error) {
-				return &ledgerv1.PostResponse{JournalEntryRef: "fx-entry"}, nil
-			},
-		}},
+		deps: serviceDependencies{
+			ledger: ledgerDependency{client: &ledgerclient.Fake{
+				ApplyFXWithChargesFn: func(ctx context.Context, req *ledgerv1.FXRequest) (*ledgerv1.PostResponse, error) {
+					return &ledgerv1.PostResponse{JournalEntryRef: "fx-entry"}, nil
+				},
+			}},
+		},
 	}

 	payment := &model.Payment{
@@ -88,11 +90,13 @@ func TestExecutePayment_ChainFailure(t *testing.T) {
 		logger:  zap.NewNop(),
 		clock:   testClock{now: time.Now()},
 		storage: repo,
-		gateway: gatewayDependency{client: &chainclient.Fake{
-			SubmitTransferFn: func(ctx context.Context, req *chainv1.SubmitTransferRequest) (*chainv1.SubmitTransferResponse, error) {
-				return nil, errors.New("chain failure")
-			},
-		}},
+		deps: serviceDependencies{
+			gateway: gatewayDependency{client: &chainclient.Fake{
+				SubmitTransferFn: func(ctx context.Context, req *chainv1.SubmitTransferRequest) (*chainv1.SubmitTransferResponse, error) {
+					return nil, errors.New("chain failure")
+				},
+			}},
+		},
 	}

 	payment := &model.Payment{
@@ -146,6 +150,7 @@ func TestProcessTransferUpdateHandler_Settled(t *testing.T) {
 		clock:   testClock{now: time.Now()},
 		storage: &stubRepository{store: store},
 	}
+	svc.h.events = newPaymentEventHandler(svc.storage, svc.ensureRepository, svc.logger)

 	req := &orchestratorv1.ProcessTransferUpdateRequest{
 		Event: &chainv1.TransferStatusChangedEvent{
@@ -156,7 +161,7 @@ func TestProcessTransferUpdateHandler_Settled(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}

-	reSP, err := gsresponse.Execute(ctx, svc.processTransferUpdateHandler(ctx, req))
+	reSP, err := gsresponse.Execute(ctx, svc.h.events.processTransferUpdate(ctx, req))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("handler returned error: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -189,6 +194,7 @@ func TestProcessDepositObservedHandler_MatchesPayment(t *testing.T) {
 		clock:   testClock{now: time.Now()},
 		storage: &stubRepository{store: store},
 	}
+	svc.h.events = newPaymentEventHandler(svc.storage, svc.ensureRepository, svc.logger)

 	req := &orchestratorv1.ProcessDepositObservedRequest{
 		Event: &chainv1.WalletDepositObservedEvent{
@@ -197,7 +203,7 @@ func TestProcessDepositObservedHandler_MatchesPayment(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}

-	reSP, err := gsresponse.Execute(ctx, svc.processDepositObservedHandler(ctx, req))
+	reSP, err := gsresponse.Execute(ctx, svc.h.events.processDepositObserved(ctx, req))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("handler returned error: %v", err)
 	}